Creative Commons License 2016 Volume 3 Issue 5

An investigation into the effect of aflatoxin genes aflD, aflO and aflJ on sterigmatocystin in cattle feed using PCR technique


Sepideh Rahimi, Noshin Sohrabi, Mohammad Ali Ebrahimi, Majid Tebyanian, Morteza Taghi zadeh, Sahar Rahimi
Abstract

Sterigmatocystin is amongst the ultimate precursor of aflatoxin in aflatoxin-producing fungi. These carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds may cause teratogenicity and immunosuppression. Human and animals are susceptible to lead aflatoxin poisoning when their food source is contaminated by Aspergillus. This study aims to investigate the effect of aflatoxin genes aflD, aflO and aflJon sterigmatocystin, the ultimate precursor of aflatoxin, in cattle feed. To conduct the study, 121 samples of cattle feed were collected from 21 industrial animal husbandary in Tehran and Alborz provinces, and then were isolated and cultured based on macroscopic and microscopic methods. Moreover, PCR technique was also used to undertake a molecular investigation into the isolated Aspergillus. To identify the relationship between aflatoxin genes with sterigmatocystin, 20 samples of cattle feed, containing one, two or three positive aflatoxin genes were randomly selected, examined under the ultraviolet light and finally, evaluated using thin-layered chromatography. The results indicate that 55.37% of 121 samples of the cattle feeds contaminated by Aspergillus fungi. Among these isolated samples, 37.31% has aflD, 90.01% has aflO and 34.32% has aflJ and the findings of TLC also suggest that only 2 out of 20 cattle feeds show high sterigmatocystin content while others are less infected. These two samples were positive for all three aflatoxin genes, and a direct association was also found between aflatoxin genes aflO, aflJ and aflD and sterigmatocystin. Controlling cattle feeds contaminated by Aspergillus Fungi can secure them against sterigmatocystin and aflatoxin contamination and prevent them from entering the human and animal health cycle.

 

Keywords: Aflatoxin, Sterigmatocystin, Aspergillus, PCR, TLC, Cattle feed


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Entomology and Applied Science Letters is an international double-blind peer reviewed publication which publishes scientific research & review articles related to insects that contain information of interest to a wider audience, e.g. papers bearing on the theoretical, genetic, agricultural, medical and biodiversity issues. Emphasis is also placed on the selection of comprehensive, revisionary or integrated systematics studies of broader biological or zoogeographical relevance. In addition to full-length research articles and reviews, the journal publishes interpretive articles in a Forum section, Short Communications, and Letters to the Editor. The journal publishes reports on all phases of medical entomology and medical acarology, including the systematics and biology of insects, acarines, and other arthropods of public health and veterinary significance.

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Entomology and Applied Science Letters supports the submission of entomological papers that contain information of interest to a wider reader groups e. g. papers bearing on taxonomy, phylogeny, biodiversity, ecology, systematic, agriculture, morphology. The selection of comprehensive, revisionary or integrated systematics studies of broader biological or zoogeographical relevance is also important. Distinguished entomologists drawn from different parts of the world serve as honorary members of the Editorial Board. The journal encompasses all the varied aspects of entomological research.