Creative Commons License 2017 Volume 4 Issue 1

Insecticidal effects of essential oils from Labiatae and Lauraceae families against cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in stored pea seeds


Nihat Demirel, Cahit Erdoğan
Abstract
The cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)  (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), is one of the most serious pests of stored pulse seeds. The essential oils obtained from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), Turkish oregano (Origanum onites L.), sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), mountain oregano (Origanum minutiflorum L.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) have been analyzed by GC and GC-MS and tested for their insecticides effects against the cowpea weevil. In the current study, 1,8 cineole (21.45%), camphor (19.70%) from rosemary, 1,8 cineole (37.84%), α-terpinyl acetate (15.33%) from laurel, carvacrol (57.01%) from Turkish oregano, carvacrol (34.14%), thymol (20.36%), terpinene-4-ol (12.31%) from sweet marjoram, carvacrol (59.87%), p-cymene (17.55%) from Greek oregano, carvacrol (52.04%), pcymene (22.87%) from mountain oregano have been identified as the main volatile components. In both bioassays, essential oil extracted from rosemary and laurel resulted in significant mortality on the cowpea weevil with 1.6 (µg mL–1) concentrations comparing with the sweet marjoram, the Turkish oregano, the Greek oregano and mountain oregano. The essential oil extracted from the laurel and rosemary had the lower lethal concentrations compared with the Turkish oregano, sweet marjoram, Greek oregano and mountain oregano in both bioassays. The major components of 1,8 cineole, camphor,  α-terpinyl acetate,  carvacrol, thymol, terpinene-4-ol, p-cymene act as insecticides to the cowpea weevil. The essential oils extracted from rosemary and laurel can be recommended as a potential source of environment-friendly botanical insecticide in control of the cowpea weevil.

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Entomology and Applied Science Letters is an international double-blind peer reviewed publication which publishes scientific research & review articles related to insects that contain information of interest to a wider audience, e.g. papers bearing on the theoretical, genetic, agricultural, medical and biodiversity issues. Emphasis is also placed on the selection of comprehensive, revisionary or integrated systematics studies of broader biological or zoogeographical relevance. In addition to full-length research articles and reviews, the journal publishes interpretive articles in a Forum section, Short Communications, and Letters to the Editor. The journal publishes reports on all phases of medical entomology and medical acarology, including the systematics and biology of insects, acarines, and other arthropods of public health and veterinary significance.

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Entomology and Applied Science Letters supports the submission of entomological papers that contain information of interest to a wider reader groups e. g. papers bearing on taxonomy, phylogeny, biodiversity, ecology, systematic, agriculture, morphology. The selection of comprehensive, revisionary or integrated systematics studies of broader biological or zoogeographical relevance is also important. Distinguished entomologists drawn from different parts of the world serve as honorary members of the Editorial Board. The journal encompasses all the varied aspects of entomological research.