Treatment by hydroalcoholic and chloroformic extracts of salvia candidissima reduced hyperalgesia, edema and serum TNF–α level in arthritis model

Medicinal plants are an important source of substances, which have been shown to induce non-specific immunomodulatory effects. Salvia species showed anti-inflammatory properties. This study was carried out to investigate the role of hydroalcoholic and chloroformic extracts of salvia candidissima on hyperalgesia, edema, and serum TNF-α level during adjuvant-induced arthritis. Inflammation was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant into the rats’ hind paw. Hydroalcoholic and chloroformic extracts were prepared from aerial parts of the plant, and different doses of the extracts were administered during 21 days of study. Hyperalgesia, edema, and serum TNF-α were assessed by radiant heat, plethysmometer, and ELISA technique, respectively. Administration of hydroalcoholic and chloroformic extracts of Salvia candidissima significantly reduced paw edema, hyperalgesia, and serum TNF-α level. Moreover, the hydroalcoholic extract was significantly more effective on the studied variables than the chloroformic extract. Then, it can be concluded that hydroalcoholic and chloroformic extracts of Salvia candidissima dose dependently reduce paw edema and hyperalgesia during CFA-induced arthritis. These effects can be mediated by decreased serum TNF-α levels.

Keywords: Inflammation, Pain, Medicinal plant, CFA, TNF–α

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