Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly used in different applications and can potentially cause adverse effects on organs and tissues. This study investigated the effects of AgNPs administration on the liver´s histology in the rats. AgNPs were orally administered to Sprague-Dawley rats at various concentrations (30, 125, 300 and 700 mg/kg body weight/day) for 28consecutive days. At the end of the experiments, liver tissue was taken for histologic evaluation. The obtained results showed a decrease in diameter of hepatocytes in 125 mg/kg (P<0.05) and increase in the Kupffer cells that was more evident in rats exposed to 30 and 125 mg/kg of AgNPs. The histological changes in the liver parenchyma of rats affected by AgNPs included, disruption of hepatic cell cords, polyploidization, hydropic degeneration, presence of inflammation cells, focal lymphocytic infiltration, dilation of sinusoidal space, blood cell aggregation in central vein and sinusoids, binucleated cells, eosinophilic cytoplasm, pyknotic nuclei of hepatocytes. These histological alterations were more evident in rats exposed to 30 and 125 mg/kg of AgNPs. The apoptotic changes were more prominent in 300mg/kg treated group. In 700 mg/kg group, no major changes in the structural component of the liver were observed while occasional foci of inflammatory cell infiltrates were present. Our results suggest that injection of AgNPs could have cytotoxic effects on the structure and apoptosis of livers in rat.
Key words: Silver nanoparticles, Liver, Hydropic degeneration, hepatocytes, Kupffer cells
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