Secondary metabolites isolated from the bacterial complex of Apismellifera and their action against Atta mexicana

Damage caused by insects in agriculture has led to a significant decrease in crop quality, yield and economic losses. So this situation has led to the indiscriminate use of synthetic chemicals that have sought to mitigate negative impacts on the crops, but without considering the pressure and imbalances that are causing on ecosystems. Therefore it is necessary to direct research into new biotechnological alternatives, focused on the control of pests which lead to the decrease of the acquisition of external inputs in agroecosystems, framing production systems in sustainable agriculture that produces healthy, sufficient food and quality cost-effective, socially acceptable and without harming the environment. We evaluated the ability of metabolites produced by bacterias isolated from Apis mellifera as insecticides against Atta mexicana. Metabolites extraction was carrying out from the Enterobactericiae isolated, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Proteus and Yersinia, by using an adsorbent resin and elution with 99% ethanol. The insecticidal activity of metabolites was tested in vitro using experimental units against Atta mexicana. Yersinia metabolites showed insecticidal activity over Atta mexicana showing an accumulative mortality of 92.5%. Protein profile was performed on the metabolites, using dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel, where variability was observed in weight and number of protein bands, predominantly 70 kDa. Yersinia showed protein bands of 10 and 70 kDa, the weight could be comparable to Cry endotoxins of Bacillus thuringensis. Results suggest that Atta mexicana can be considered as a promissory source of by bacterias with varying activity that could be used as alternatives biotechnological protection crops against Atta mexicana.

Key words: Bacterial complex, secondary metabolites, insecticidal activity, Apismellifera, Atta Mexicana.

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