Creative Commons License 2017 Volume 4 Issue 1

Antifeedant activity and disruptive effects of novel chitin synthesis inhibitors on the food metabolism of last instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)


Hamadah Kh Sh
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the antifeedant activity of three novel chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs), viz. Novaluron (Nova.), Cyromazine (Cyro.) and Diofenolan (Dio.), and their disruptive effects on the different nutritional parameters of the destructive phytophagous pest Spodoptera littoralis. Fresh clean castor bean leaves were treated with LC50 of each CSI and offered to the early last instar larvae for 24 hrs or 72 hrs. All CSIs exhibited considerably antifeedant activities against larvae. Higher activity was exhibited after longer feeding period. Nova. exhibited the strongest antifeedant activity followed by Dio. and Cyro.. The food consumption was remarkably reduced, regardless the CSI and the feeding period. The strongest reducing effect was exhibited by Nova. followed by Dio. and Cyro.. Treated larvae achieved significantly inhibited approximate digestibility. Nova. exhibited the most potent effect followed by Dio. and Cyro.. The efficiency of conversion of ingested food into biomass (ECI) of larvae was severely inhibited by the tested CSIs. After feeding for 72 hrs, an exceptional case was observed since Nova. Enhanced ECI of larvae. The efficiency of conversion of digested food into biomass (ECD) was considerably enhanced after feeding on treated leaves for 24 hrs. In contrast, feeding of larvae for 72 hrs resulted in serious reduction of ECD. Also, the assimilation rate, relative metabolic rate, relative weight gain and growth rate were significantly regressed by all CSIs. The most suppressing action was exerted by Nova.. On the other hand, frass output was enhanced by all CSIs whatever the feeding period on treated leaves. Nova. was the most powerful CSI to promote larvae for frass production.

Share:
References

S. Magd El-Din and S.E. El-Gengaihi, Egypt. J. Biol. P. Cont., 2000. 10(1):p. 51-56.

A.M. Moufied, M.A. Zaher and F. Kotby, Bull. Soc. Ent. Egypt, 1960. XLIV, p. 240-251.

M.M. Hosny, C.P. Topper, G.G. Moawasd and G.B. El-Saadany, Crop Protec., 1986. 5:p. 100104.

M.L. Shonouda and S.L. Osman, J. Egypt. Ger. Soc. Zool.,2000. 31: p.227-234.

M.A.M. El-Khawas and H.A.S. Abd El-Gawad, J. Egypt. Ger. Soc. Zool., 2002. 37: p. 39-57.

K.F. Adham, E.M. Rashad, S.F. Ibrahim and E.E. Nasr, Egypt. Acad. J. biolog. Sci., 2009. 2 1: p. 63-71.

S.A. Khalil, Constraints in the production of soybean. In: "Quality Seed Production"(Gastel, A.J.G. van, and Kerly, J., eds). ICARDA publication, 1988. 124.

J.E. Casida and G.B. Quistad, Annu. Rev. Entomol., 1998. 43: p. 1-16. [9] G. Smagghe, B. Carton, W. Wesemael, I. Ishaaya, and L. Tirry, Pestic. Sci., 1999. 55: p. 343-389.

M. Miles and M. Lysandrou, Mededelingen (Rijksuniversiteitte Gent. Fakulteit van de Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen), 2002. 67: p. 665.

G.E. Abo El-Ghar, Z.A. Elbermawy, A.G. Yousef and H.K. Abd-Elhady, J. Asia-Pacific Entomol., 2005. 8 (4): p. 397-410.

M.H. Aydin and M.O. Gurkan, Turkish J. of Biol., 2006. 30: p. 5-9. [13] T.G.E. Davies andL.M. Field, Usherwood, P.N.R. and Williamson, M.S., IUBMB Life, 2007. 59: p. 151-162.

H. Mosallanejad and G. Smagghe, Pest Manage. Sci., 2009. 65: p. 732-736.

Lingk W., 1991. 43: p. 21-25.

F.M. Bughio and R.M. Wilkins, J. of Stored Products Res., 2004. 40: p. 65-75.

L.G. Costa, G. Giordano, M. Guizzetti and A. Vitalone, Frontiers BioSci., 2008. 13: p. 1240‒ 1249.

R.A. Relyea, Oecologia, 2009. 159: p. 363376.

M. Garriga and Caballero, J. Chemosphere, 2011. 82: p. 1604-1613. [20] A. Hussain, MSc Thesis, Swedish Univ. Agric.Sci. (Swedish, 2012). [21] M. Oetken, J. Bachmann, U. SchulteOehlmann and Oehlmann, J. Int. Rev. Cytol., 2004. 236: p. 1-44.

K. Mondal and S. Parween, Integr. Pest Manage. Rev., 2000. 5 p. 255-295.

H. Tunaz and N. Uygun, Turkish J. Agric.Forestry, 2004. 28: p. 337-387.

T.S. Dhadialla, A. Retnakaran and G. Smagghe, Insect growth- and developmentaldisturbing insecticides. In: "Comprehensive Mol. Insect Sci." (Gilbert, L.I.; Iatrou, K. and Gill, S.K. eds.), vol. 6, Elsevier, Oxford, 2005. p. 55-116.

A.M. Farag, MSc Thesis, Fac. of Agric., Cairo University (Cairo, Egypt, 2001).

A.E. Abdel-Aal, PhD Thesis, Fac. of Sci., Cairo University (Cairo, Egypt, 2003).

R.K. Seth, J.J. Kaur, D.K. Rad and S.E. Reynolds, J. Insect Physiol., 2004. 50(6): p. 505-517.

A.R. Horowitz and I. Ishaaya, Insect pest management-field and protected crops. Springer, Berlin, 2004.

G.C. Cutler, C.D. Scott-Dupree, J.H. Tolmanand andC.R. Harris, Pest Manage. Sci., 2005. 61: p. 1060-1068.

G.C. Cutler, J.H. Tolman, C.D. Scott-Dupree and C.R. Harris, J. Econ. Entomol., 2005. 98: p. 1685-1693.

G.C. Cutler, C.D. Scott-Dupree, J.H. Tolman and C.R. Harris, Crop Prot., 2007. 26: p. 760767.

A. Alyokhin, R. Guillemette and R. Choban, J. Econ. Entomol., 2009. 102(6): p. 2078-2083.

A. Barazani, Phytoparasitica, 2001. 29: p. 5960.

I. Ishaaya and A.R. Horowitz, Phytoparasitica, 2002. 30: p. 203. [35] K. Ghoneim, M. Tanani, Kh. Hamadah, A. Basiouny and H. Waheeb, J. of Advances in Zool., 2015. 1(1): p. 24-35.

Kh. Hamadah, M. Tanani, K. Ghoneim, A. Basiounyand H. Waheeb, Int. J. of Res. Studies in Zool., 2015. 1(2): p. 45-55.

F.M. Malhata, N.M. Loutfy and M.T. Ahmed, Toxic. Environ. Chem., 2014. 96(1): p.41-47.

Emea,Enviroment, 2001. 6(1): 39-40.

H. Kanno, K. Ikeda, T. Asai and S. Maekawa, Brighton Crop Prot. Conf., 1981. 1: p. 59–69.

T. Saito, Plant Protec., 1988. 35: p. 168-171.

S.E. Reynolds and J.K. Blakey, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 1989. 35: p. 251–258.

G.W. Levot and N. Sastes, Aust. Vet. J., 1998. 76( 5): p. 343-344. [43] C.D.S. Tomlin, The Pesticide Manual, 12thed, British Crop Protection Council Publications, 2000.

B. Vazirianzadeh, M.A. Jervis and N.A.C Kidd, Iranian J. Arthropod-Borne Dis., 2007. 1(2): p. 7-13.

M. Tanani, Kh. Hamadah, K. Ghoneim, A. Basiouny and H. Waheeb, Int. J. of Res. Studies in Zool., 2015. 1(3):p. 1-15.

H.P. Streibert, M.L. Frischknecht and F. Karrer, Proc. Brighton Crop Prot. Conf., Pests and Dis., 1994. 1: p. 23-30.

S.S. Paloukisand E.I. Navrozidis,Isr. J. Entomol., 1995. 29: 285-286. [48] S. Dhadialla and R.LeP. Carlson, Annu. Rev. Entomol., 1998. 43: p. 545-569.

Singh, S. and K. Kumar, Phytoparasitica, 2011. 39(3): p. 205-213. [50] K.S. Ghoneim,A.S. Bream,M.A. Tanani and M.M.Nassar,Mededelingen(Rijksuniversiteitte Gent. Fakulteit van de Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen), 2001. 66(2a):p. 413-423.

K.S. Ghoneim, A.G. Al-Dali and A.A. AbdelGhaffar, Pakistan J.Biol.Sci., 2003. 6(13): p. 1125-1129.

M.S. Amer, K.S. Ghoneim, A.A. Abdel-Ghaffar, A.G. Al-Dali, A.S. Bream and Kh.Sh. Hamadah, Al-Azhar Bull.Sci., 2006. 17(2): p. 67-75.

A.G. Al-Dali, 18thInter. Conf. Egypt. Ger. Soc. Zool., 1-5 March, 2008. 56(A): p. 1-19.

K.S. Ghoneim, M.S. Amer, A.S. Bream, A.G. AlDali and Kh.Sh. Hamadah, Al-Azhar Bull.Sci., 2004. 15(2): p. 25-42.

R.F. Bakr, K.S. Ghoneim, A.G. Al-Dali, M.A. Tanani and A.S. Bream, Egypt. Acad. J. Biol.Sci., 2008. 1(1): p. 41 -57.

K.S. Ghoneim, Kh.Sh. Hamadah and M.A. Tanani, Bull. Environ. Pharmacol. Life Sci., 2012. 1(7): p. 73- 83. [57] Kh.Sh. Hamadah, K.S. Ghoneim and M.A. Tanani,Afr. J. Biochem. Res., 2012. 6(9): p. 121-128.

M.A Tanani, K.S. Ghoneim and Kh.Sh. Hamadah, Florida Entomologist, 2012. 95(4): p. 928-935.

B. Sechser, B. Reber and H. Wesiak, Proc. Brighton Crop Prot. Conf. Pests and Dis., 1994. 3: p. 1193-1198.

Jr F. Slansky and J.M. Scriber, Food consumption and utilisation. In: "Comprehensive insect physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology" (Kerkut, G.A. and Gilbert, L.I., eds), Pergamon, Oxford, 1985. 4: p. 87-163.

J.M. Scriber and F.Jr. Slansky, Annu.Rev.Entomol., 1981. 26: p. 183-211.

J.W. Van Duyn, PhD Disseration, Clemson University (Clemson, USA, 1971).

H.A. Yasui, A. Kato and M. Yazawa, J. Chem. Ecol., 1998. 24(5): p. 803-813. [64] M. Isman, Insect antifeedants. Pesticide Outlook,2002. 13: p. 152-157.

S. Lakshmanan, K. Krishnappa andK. Elumalai, Int. J. of Current Life Sciences, 2012. 2(1): p. 5-11.

M. Pavunraj, K. Baskar and S. Ignacimuthu, Int. J. of Agric. Res., 2012. 7(2): p. 58-68.

R.I. Caldwell and M.A. Rankin, Gen.Comp.Endocr., 1972. 19: p. 601-605.

R.F. Chapman, Structure of digestive system. In "Comprehensive insect physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology" (Kerkut, G.A. and L.I. Gilbert, eds.). Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1985. 4: p. 165.

V.K.K. Prabhu and S. Sreekumar Endocrine regulation of feeding and digestion in insects. In "Perspectives in entomological research" (Agarwal, O.P., ed.). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, 1994. p. 117.

E. Balamaniand V.S.K. Nair, Zool. Anz., 1992. 228: p. 182.

P.M. Mona, PhD Thesis, University of Calicut (Calicutm, India, 2001).

N.C. Srivastava and B.B.L. Srivastava, J. Appl. Ent., 1990. 109: p. 410-413.

I. Ishaaya and K.R.S. Ascher, Phytoparasitica, 1977. 5: p. 149-158.

E. Fytizusand P.A. Mourikis, J.Appl.Ent., 1979, 88, p. 542-547.

H.S.A. Radwan, O.M Assal, G.E. Abo-Elghar, M.R. Riskallah and M.T. Ahmed, J.Insect Physiol., 1986. 32: p. 103-407.

A.I. Farag, Action of fluoromevalonate and hydroprene on consumption and utilization of food by Pieris brassicae (L.) following larval treatment. In 'Endocrinological Frontiers in Physiological Insect Ecology" (Eds F. Sehnal, A. Zabza and D.L. Danlinger). Wroclaw Tech.Univ. Press, Poland, 1988.

A.I. Farag, Ann. Agric. Sc. (Moshtohor, Egypt), 1991. 29(1): p. 609-621.

K.S Ghoneim, A.S. Bream and H.A. Mohamed, Al-Azhar Bull.Sci., 1998. 9(2): p. 947-963.

A.S. Bream, K.S.Ghoneim and H.A. Mohamed,Bull.ent.Soc.Egypt, Econ.Ser., 1999. 26: p. 11-24.

K.S.Ghoneim, PhD Thesis, Fac. of Sci., AlAzhar University (Cairo, Egypt, 1985).

R.F.A. Bakr, N.M. El-barky, M.F. Abd Elaziz, M.H. Awad and H.M.E. Abd El-Halim, Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci., 2010. 2(2): p. 43-56. [82] A. Ladhari,A. Laarif,F.Omezzine and R. Haouala,J Insect Sci., 2013. 13: p. 61.

D. Johnson and H. Mundel, Ann. Appl. Biol., 1987. 11(1): p. 43-52. [84] F. Jr. Slansky, Nutritional Ecology: the fundamental quest for nutrients. In “Caterpillars: Ecology and Evolutionary Constraints on Foraging”. (Stamp, N.E. and Casey, T.M., eds). Chapman Hall, NY, 1993. p. 29-91.

F.Jr. Slansky, Entomol.Exp.Appl., 1985. 39: p. 47-60. [86] G.P. Waldbauer, Advances in Insect Physiology, 1968. 5: p. 229–288.

F.Jr. Slansky, Physiol.Entomol., 1980. 5: p. 73-86.

C.f. Hinks, M.T. Cheeseman, M.A. Erlandson, O. Olfertand N.D. Westcott, J. lncect Physiol., 1991, 37, p. 417- 43.

Moroney, M.J., Facts and Figures. Pinguin Book Ltd. (3rd ed.). Harmondsworth, Middlesex, 1957. p. 228.

J.P. Woodring, C.W. Clifford and B.R. Beckman, J. insect Physiol., 1979. 25: p. 903912.

S. Senthil Nathan, P.G. Chung, and K. Murugan, Phytoparasitica, 2005. 33: p. 187195.

R. Kalpana, MSc Thesis, University of Madras (Chennai, India, 2005).

B. Kordan and B. Gabryś, Polish J. Natur.Sci., 2013. 28(1): p. 63-69.

R.J. Rani and K.P. Sanjayan, Int. J. of Current Res. in Chem. and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014. 1(3): p. 55-57.

A.A. Barrania, Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 201. 91(3): p. 903-911.

M.H. Rashwan, New York Sci. J., 2013. 6(8): p. 1-7.

W.M. Blaney, M.S.J. Simmonds, S.V. Ley, J.C. Anderson and P.L. Toogood, Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 1990. 55: p. 149160.

M.S.J. Simmonds,W.M. Blaney,F. Delle Monache and G.B., Marini-Bettolo, J. Chem. Ecol., 1990. 16: p. 365-380.

O. Koul and S. Wahab, Neem: Today and in the New Millennium, 2004. p. 1-19.

M. Szczepanik, Progress in Plant Protec., 1998. 38(2): p. 385-388.

S.W.M. Ouali-N’goran, K.P.H. Kouassi, KH. Koua, and K., Fouabi, Bioterre, rev inter des sci de la vie et de la terre, éd universitaires de Côte d’Ivoire, 2003. 3(1): p. 117-129.

F.A. Al-Mekhlafi, A.M.A. Mashaly, H. Ebaid, M.A. Wadaan and N.M. Al-Mallah, Scientific Res. and Essays, 2012. 7(1): p. 55-60.

E.A. Marzouk, M.M.M. Megahed, W.L. Abouamer and M.M. El-Bamby, J. Plant Prot. and Path., Mansoura Univ., 2012. 3(12): p. 1345-1352.

A.R. Ebeid and M.A. Gesraha, J. Appl. Sci., Res., 2012. 8(5): p. 2620-2625.

J.B.A. El-Naggar, Nature and Science, 2013. 11(7): p. 19-25.

A.A. El-Helaly and H.M. El-bendary, J. of Entomol. and Zool. Studies, 2015. 3(6): p. 289293.

A.R. Ebeid, E.A. Sammour and N.Z.M. Zohdy, Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protec., 2015. 48(5): p. 385-392.

A. Sindhu and V.S.K. Nair, Indian J. of Exp. Biol., 2004. 42: p. 491-494.

B. Piechowicz, K. Stawarczyk and M. Stawarczyk, Chem. Didact. Ecol. Metrol., 2012. 17(1-2): p. 113-120.

B. Calvez, J.of Insect Physiol., 1981. 27: p. 233-239.

S.C. Masih and J.K. Vaishya, Asian J. Adv. Basic Sci., 2014, 3,1, p. 36-42.

I.E. Ismail, J. Fac. Educ., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 1995. l9: p. 65-73 .

A.E. Abdel-Aal and A. Abdel-Khalek, Bull. ent. Soc. Egypt, Econ. Ser., 2006., 32: p. 101112.

M.A. El-Malla and E.M.M. Radwan, Bull. Ent. Soc. Egypt. Econ. Ser., 2008. 34: p.119-129. [115] SA.El-Basyouni and FH., Sharaf 2nd Inter. Conf. Plant Protec. Res. Inst., Cairo, Egypt, 2002. 1: p. 742-744.

Sh.A. Abu ElEla and W.M. ElSayed, Ecologia Balkanica, 2015. 7(1): p. 81-85.

A. Baghban, J. Sendi, A. Zibaee and R. Khosravi, J. of Plant Protec. Res., 2014. 54(4): p. 367-373.

V. Jagannadh and V.S.K. Nair, Ann. Pl. Protec. Sci., 1997. 5(1): p. 40-43.

N.M., El-Shazly, Bull. Ent. Soc. Egypt, 1993. 71: p. 109-117.

D.A. Wheeler and M.B. Isman, Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2001. 98: p. 9-16. [

I. Emre, T. Kayis, M. Coskun, O. Dursun and H. Cogun, Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 2013, 106(3): p. 371-377.

J.C. Reese and S.D. Beck, Ann. Ent.Soc. Amer, 1976. 69: p. 59-67.

D.L. Dahlam, Entomol. Exp. Appl., 1977. 22: p. 123-l3l .

V.T., Sundaramurthy, Z. Pflanzenkrankheith und Pflanzenschutz, 1977. 84(10): p. 597601.

S.S. Marei, E.M. Amr and N.Y. Salem, Res.J.Agric. Biol. Sci., 2009. 5(1): p. 103-107.

Giongo, Vendramim, J.D., De Freitas, S.D.L. and Da Silva, M.F.G.F., Revista Colombiana de Entomología, 2015. 41(1): p. 33-40.

M.J. Smirle, D.T. Lowery and C.L. Zurowski, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 1996. 56: p. 220–230.

R.M. Broadway and S.S. Duffey, J. Insect Physiol., 1988. 34: p. 1111-1117.

M.M. Adel, J. of Applied Sciences Res., 2012. 8(5): p. 2766-2775.

S.Senthil Nathan and K. Saehoon, Crop Prot., 2006. 25(3): p. 287–291.


Entomology and Applied Science Letters is an international double-blind peer reviewed publication which publishes scientific research & review articles related to insects that contain information of interest to a wider audience, e.g. papers bearing on the theoretical, genetic, agricultural, medical and biodiversity issues. Emphasis is also placed on the selection of comprehensive, revisionary or integrated systematics studies of broader biological or zoogeographical relevance. In addition to full-length research articles and reviews, the journal publishes interpretive articles in a Forum section, Short Communications, and Letters to the Editor. The journal publishes reports on all phases of medical entomology and medical acarology, including the systematics and biology of insects, acarines, and other arthropods of public health and veterinary significance.

Announcement and Advertisement
Announcements regarding scientific activities such as conferences, symposium, are published for free. Advertisements can be either published or placed on website as banners.
open access
Entomology and Applied Science Letters supports the submission of entomological papers that contain information of interest to a wider reader groups e. g. papers bearing on taxonomy, phylogeny, biodiversity, ecology, systematic, agriculture, morphology. The selection of comprehensive, revisionary or integrated systematics studies of broader biological or zoogeographical relevance is also important. Distinguished entomologists drawn from different parts of the world serve as honorary members of the Editorial Board. The journal encompasses all the varied aspects of entomological research.